The origin of the temple is entirely mythological and the architectural form is attributed to Chola Kings, whose existence there is no historical proof. Epigraphic sources prove that from the time of emperor Maurya Asoka (3 rd century BC), this region of deccan was ruled by Cholas and Pandyas who rose to their full power much later in 7 th century. However they were blocking the way of expansion of Mauryas. Later Guptas also tried to conquer this region. Next in middle of sixth century deccan fell to Chalukya dynasty Pulakesi II. Chinese Buddhist pilgrim Hiuansang gave full account of this region.

ALWARS appearing during Chola and Pandya reigns. The most recent alwars seventh century Nammalwar, eighth century Kulasekharalwar, Nineth century Periyalwar refer to the temple of Srirangam, Prakaras, and some of its peculiar features. Local tradition associates many Alwars and life of the temple. Koil Olugu (chronicle of the temple) written in eleventh century accounts buildings in fourth enclosure to Tirumangai Alwar of seventh century. Perialwar's daughter ANDAL, married Lord Ranganatha the God of Srirangam, Alagiyamanavalar. A sanctuary for Andal, built in Pandya style(12-14 th century) can be seen south-west corner of main entrance.

The rise of Chola in 10 th century, incriptions appear saying Gift to the temple a silver lamp stand fifty one gold pieces by King Paranthaka I for its permanent maintenance. The following year Paranthaka I made endowment to the temple for recital of sacred texts for three nights.

Rajamahendra Chola of 11 th century built first prakaram (enclosure) and it is named Rajamahendra Thiruveedhi. The temple has nearly 400 incriptions, both stone and copper. About same time RAMANUJA, also known as UDAYAVAR (in tamil) was born near Kanjeepuram. He is one of greatest teachers of VEDANTHA philosophy and settled in SRIRANGAM , where he taught theology and became head of the temple school. He also completely restructured temple administration which is preserved even today.